Hurricane Melissa, initially a tropical storm, affected the Dominican Republic in late October 2025 with intense rains, flooding, and strong winds, primarily in the south and central regions of the country. Although it did not make direct landfall as a major hurricane, its erratic path caused river flooding, landslides, and significant damage.
Most Affected Provinces (14 in a state of emergency + National District):
Barahona, Pedernales, San José de Ocoa, Azua, San Juan, Peravia, San Cristóbal, Santo Domingo, National District, San Pedro de Macorís, La Romana, Monte Plata, La Vega, Monseñor Nouel.
The Emergency Operations Center (COE) maintained red alerts in areas such as San José de Ocoa and Barahona, with daily reports until October 29.
Consequences of the declaration of a national emergency by President Luis Abinader
On October 31, 2025, Abinader signed Decrees 626-25 and 627-25:
626-25: Declares a regional state of emergency in the 14 provinces and the National District due to the “damage and impacts” caused by Tropical Storm Melissa.
627-25: National emergency for purchases and contracts (valid for 30 days), exempting public bidding. 23 institutions (Health, Education, Agriculture, Public Works, Housing, etc.) can acquire goods, services, and works expeditiously.
Immediate Government Actions:
Presidential oversight in San José de Ocoa and Barahona: ordered urgent reports and assistance.
Partial lifting of alerts (except in the south), but continuous monitoring.
Free flights with Arajet to repatriate Dominicans from Jamaica.
Recognition of the COE for its effective response.
Key Consequences:
Positive: Accelerated recovery (rapid repairs to housing, agriculture, health, and infrastructure).
Mandatory transparency: reports to the Comptroller General’s Office within 15 days.
Economic: Rapid injection of funds to mitigate losses; the MSME sector is affected but receiving support.
Social: Prevention of further casualties through preventative evacuations; risk of post-flood illnesses (monitored by Health authorities).
Political: Some critics of X see an “opportunity for uncontrolled purchases,” but the majority highlight its agility.
The declaration of emergency was understood to be a timely and strategic measure, minimizing the prolonged impact of Melissa on a country vulnerable to climate change.
The government’s response—with early warnings from the Emergency Operations Center (COE), presidential visits, and the allocation of funds—prevented a greater disaster, limiting deaths to one (compared to dozens in neighboring countries like Haiti and Jamaica).
Lessons learned: Strengthen drainage systems, promote resilient agriculture, and develop plans for slow-moving cyclones.
The Dominican Republic demonstrates effective preparedness, positioning itself for a rapid recovery within weeks, boosting the economy and public confidence.
